Gastritis is an inflammation of the stomach lining, caused by various irritants or infections. This inflammation can be acute, with symptoms appearing suddenly, or chronic, developing slowly over time and sometimes going unnoticed. Often, in the early stages, gastritis symptoms may be mild or absent, but as the inflammation progresses, pain, discomfort, and other unpleasant sensations may occur.
The inflammation is most commonly caused by a Helicobacter pylori bacterial infection, which damages the stomach lining and increases the impact of stomach acid. Other factors that contribute to gastritis include poor nutrition – frequent consumption of fatty, spicy, acidic foods, alcohol consumption, smoking, stress, the use of certain medications (especially non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs such as ibuprofen), and autoimmune conditions.
Gastritis symptoms can vary greatly – from slight discomfort to severe pain, so the disease often goes unnoticed until it significantly disrupts daily life. The most common signs are:
However, some people may not feel any symptoms for a long time, especially in cases of chronic gastritis. Therefore, it is important to listen to the signals of your body and consult a doctor if you experience persistent stomach discomfort.
Gastritis can develop due to many different factors, which can be divided into external and internal causes. One of the most common is a Helicobacter pylori infection, which damages the stomach lining and triggers inflammation. This bacterium is widespread around the world, but not everyone infected experiences symptoms.
Another significant cause is the use of certain medications, especially non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). These medications reduce the production of prostaglandins that protect the stomach lining, making it more sensitive to acid. In addition, the stomach lining is irritated by alcohol and smoking – these habits weaken the protective barrier of the stomach.
Diet also plays a role: frequent consumption of fatty, spicy, marinated, or acidic foods can contribute to the irritation of the lining. Stress is considered a risk factor for gastritis as well, as it stimulates acid production and slows down the renewal of the stomach lining. For some people, gastritis develops due to autoimmune processes, when the immune system mistakenly attacks the stomach cells.
The treatment of gastritis primarily depends on its cause, so it is very important to undergo accurate tests. Usually, a doctor will recommend:
Lifestyle and dietary changes are also essential. It is recommended to:
Natural remedies such as chamomile, calendula, or flaxseed teas may also help alleviate symptoms, but they should not replace doctor-prescribed treatment.
Gastritis is a common but often underestimated condition, with symptoms frequently attributed to simple stomach irritation. Recognizing the first signs in time and identifying the cause of inflammation allows for effective prevention of the disease's progression. It is important to pay attention to your body's signals, maintain a balanced diet, avoid harmful habits, and consult specialists when necessary.
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