Stomach pain after eating: what could it mean?

MAIN CAUSES OF STOMACH PAIN AFTER MEALS

Overeating

One of the most common causes is eating too much. When we eat too much, it becomes difficult for the stomach to digest food quickly and efficiently, which can cause discomfort, heaviness, or even pain.

Fatty, spicy, or difficult-to-digest foods

Foods that are high in fat, spices, or processed foods can make it difficult to digest and irritate the stomach. In some people, these foods can promote acid reflux or gastritis.

Acid reflux (gastroesophageal reflux disease, GERD)

GERD is a condition in which stomach acid flows into the esophagus, causing a burning sensation, pain in the upper abdomen, or even in the throat. This pain usually occurs after eating, especially if a person has eaten fatty, spicy, or acidic foods.

Gastritis

This is an inflammation of the stomach lining, which can be acute or chronic. Gastritis is most often caused by an infection with the bacterium Helicobacter pylori, but it can also be caused by excessive alcohol consumption, stress, or certain medications (such as nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, or NSAIDs).

Stomach ulcers

Ulcers can form when the lining of the stomach is damaged by acid. They cause a burning or stinging pain that often gets worse after eating.

Lactose intolerance or other forms of food intolerance

Some people's bodies do not produce enough of the enzyme lactase, so they cannot digest dairy products properly, which causes bloating, pain, or diarrhea.

Gallbladder problems (such as gallstones)

If your stomach pain is worse after eating fatty foods, it may be related to gallbladder problems. Gallstones can interfere with normal digestion, causing nausea and pain in the upper right part of your abdomen.

Inflammation of the pancreas (pancreatitis)

Acute or chronic inflammation of the pancreas often causes severe pain in the upper abdomen that may radiate to the back. The pain usually occurs after a fatty or large meal.

Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)

This is a chronic condition that can cause abdominal pain, diarrhea, or constipation. Although IBS is related to the intestines, some people also experience stomach pain after eating.

Food allergies

Allergies to certain foods, such as gluten (celiac disease), can cause not only digestive problems but also severe stomach pain.

WHEN TO SEE A DOCTOR?

If stomach pain is mild, occurs infrequently, and is usually related to certain eating habits (e.g., eating too much, fatty, or spicy foods), it is likely not a serious medical condition. In such cases, it is usually enough to monitor your diet and lifestyle more closely to avoid recurring discomfort. However, certain situations require closer attention and medical advice.

It is important to see a doctor if:

• The pain is frequent and intense. If stomach pain occurs regularly, becomes increasingly severe, or interferes with daily activities, it may indicate a chronic digestive problem, such as gastritis, an ulcer, or even more serious damage to the digestive organs.
• They are accompanied by other symptoms. If stomach pain is accompanied by symptoms such as vomiting (especially if there is blood in it), unexplained weight loss, blood in the stool, or black, tarry stools, it is necessary to consult a doctor immediately. These symptoms may indicate internal bleeding, an ulcer, or even malignant diseases of the gastrointestinal tract.
• The pain lasts a long time or recurs constantly. If stomach pain does not go away for several weeks or constantly returns, it may indicate a chronic inflammatory process, Helicobacter pylori infection, or other long-term health problems. Long-lasting pain should not be ignored, as timely examinations can help prevent complications.
• The pain occurs with severe acid reflux. If stomach pain is accompanied by frequent heartburn, a burning sensation in the esophagus, or regurgitation of acidic contents, these may be signs of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). If left untreated, this condition can cause more serious damage to the esophagus, such as inflammation or even precancerous changes.

Since the causes of stomach pain can be very diverse, it is best not to ignore persistent discomfort and consult a doctor, who, based on the symptoms, can prescribe the necessary tests and appropriate treatment.

HOW TO REDUCE STOMACH PAIN AFTER MEALS?

Change your eating habits

• Eat smaller portions, but more often.
• Avoid fatty, spicy or highly processed foods.
• Limit caffeine and alcohol.
• Don’t eat too late at night.

Drink enough water

• Water helps the digestive system to work smoothly, but it’s important not to drink too much of it during meals so as not to weaken the activity of digestive enzymes.

Reduce stress

• Stress can have a significant impact on digestive disorders. Meditation, yoga or simple relaxation exercises can help reduce digestive problems.

Physical activity

• A light walk after a meal can improve digestion and reduce pain. However, avoid strenuous exercise immediately after a meal.

Use natural remedies

• Ginger can help reduce nausea and stomach discomfort.
• Chamomile tea has a soothing effect on the stomach lining.
• Peppermint oil can help reduce bloating and cramps.

Avoiding the wrong medications

• If your stomach pain is caused by gastritis or ulcers, you should avoid taking nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (such as ibuprofen) as they can further irritate the stomach lining.

SOURCES OF INFORMATION

1. Mayo Clinic
2. National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK)
3. WebMD
4. Cleveland Clinic

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